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(No Model.)

H. W. GODFREY, G. F. LEAKE & 0. E. LUCAS.

MANUFACTURE OF LINOLEUM.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY WILLIAM GODFREY, CHARLES FREDERICK LEAKE, AND CHARLES EDWVARD LUCAS, OF STAINES, COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

MANUFACTURE OF LINOLEUM.

SPECIFICATION forming of Letters Patent No. 425,875, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed January 11, 1890. Serial No.336,622. (No model.)

T at whom it map concern.-

Be' it known that we, HENRY WILLIAM GODFREY, engineer; CHARLES FREDERICK LEAKE, engineer, and GHARLEs EDWARD LUCAS, linoleum manufacturer, subjects of the Queen of GreatBritain, all residing at the Linoleum Manufacturing Works, Staines, in

, tion.

This invention has for itsobject improvements in the manufacture of linoleum and like fabrics with the pattern inlaid, the color extending through the thickness of the fabric. For this purpose we prepare tesserze of the various colors and arrange them in order, and lay them also one over the other, so as to form a block on the surface of which a section of the pattern appears. We transfer these tesserze layer by layer to the surface of a prepared backing or fabric. They are pushed forward by a reciprocating pusher. The fabric, with the tesserae upon it, passes beneath asegmental roller, which rolls over and consolidates the whole.

The process is as follows: We take the Y usual linoleum composition, which is chiefly composed of oxidized linseed-oil, resin,kauri gum, and cork, together with suitable coloring-matters; or wood-dust may be used to take the place of cork-dust, either wholly or' in part. We mix and prepare it in various colors. \Ve pass each color separately through calender-rolls and press it into a sheet, but without the usual canvas backing. It is then passed through a pair of rolls thinly coated with paraffine-wax, which it receives to prevent subsequent sticking. It is then fed through a cutting or stamping machine, which may consist of vertical cutters or punches suitably arranged and worked by cams. The cutters have funnel-shaped continuations to retain the tesserze as they pass through the cutters. They are long enough to contain a convenient number of tesserze in order one above another. These receivers have each an opening or slit up one side to facilitate the removal of the tesserae. Having cut the figures of desired shape to the design or pattern, we set them as they come from the cutters into a block, each figure in its proper place,

so that the block is formed of strata of loose figures, each stratum being a section of the design. From this block the prepared tesserze are passed onto a suitable backing of canvas or prepared linoleum and through a press. The press is steam or water heated.

As a press we use a sector of a large roll, and through its center is fixed a shaft with projecting ends, on which are fitted frictionrolls that move in paths formed in the framing. The sector is actuated by the reciproeating motion of a crank and connecting-rod, and is made to roll with a to-and-fro motion upon .the flat bed-plate or the material which is interposed. At each corner of the sector is a strong projecting tooth, which engages a corresponding notch at the projecting corners of the bed-plate. The object of these teeth will be seen hereinafter. The center of the sector moves in a horizontal line and parallel with the bed-plate so far as coincides with the length of the material to be pressed at-each stroke. At this point the teeth engage their respective notches. The center is carried on in an upward curve, and the teeth become the centers upon which the press hinges, and the sector is thus raised clear of the bed-plate. Upon the return-stroke of the crank the press again falls into contact with the material and rolls over it. The same thing occurs at the other end of the stroke. The object of thus raising the press at either end is to admit of the fabric being drawn forward. The sector is held and guided in its motion by a pair of side frames, and on each of these is a strong bracket for the purpose of carrying the shafts and gearing. At the extremity of these is fixed the plumber block for carrying the crank-shaft. At a convenient distance, and in a line parallel with the center of the sector or press, upon each end of the shaft, is keyed a disk-crank. Each disk is cogged at its periphery, and is recessed on the inside to form a double cam. These cams, while. the press is raised upon its hinge, actuate drawin g-out rollers which carry the fabric forward, and also a slide-plate which forces the layers of loose tesserze toward the press. It should here be mentioned that the said block of tes- .ing-screws at the moment the propelling-slide is withdrawn, and so raises the block of 'tesser'ze that the next stroke of the slide pushes forward the uppermost layer.

In order that our said invention may be fully understood and readily carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.

Figure 1 is an elevation, and Fig. 2 is a plan, of a machine for the manufacture of linoleum in accordance with our invention.

A is the bed and table of the machine. Preferably it is cast hollow, and steam can be admitted to its interior.

B B are two standards upon the frame, and C O are bracketed arms projecting out from the standards. These arms carry a shaft D, which is driven in any convenient manner, and on this shaft are pinions gearing with teeth formed upon wheels or disks E, mounted on the shaft E, and these wheels or disks gear with teeth upon other wheels or disks F F, mounted upon a shaft F.

G is a segment of a large roller which rolls to and fro upon the table A. It is mounted on a shaft H. The shaft is held in elongated holes or guide-passages formed in the standards B.

G is a counterpoise formed in with the roller-segment G.

one piece of connecting-rods I I, which pins upon the disks F F.

G* G* are teeth or projections at the corners of the segmental roller G.

A* A* are cavities formed in the bed A to receive these teeth or projections.

K is a roller on which is wound a fabric suitable to form the backing of the linoleum. This fabric may be prepared on the surface with a linoleum cement before it is brought to the machine.

L is another roller, on which the linoleum is wound as it comes out of the machine. The fabric from the roller K is led up over a small guide-roll K and over the surface of the table A, thence over another guide'roll K and down and around the under side of pass to crankthe roller M. The surface of this roller is roughened to prevent it slipping upon the of the machine. by which they are connected, operate the lift- M, passes up over another guide-roll K and so it reaches the roller L, on which it is wound. On the shaft of the roller M there is a ratchet-wheel-M', and a lever M can turn about the same shaft. This lever carries a pawl m, engaging with the ratchet-teeth, and it receives motion by means of a connectingrod N, passing up to a lever 0, having its fulcrum at O, and at its farther end carrying a roller 0 which is held in a cam path f, formed upon the disk F. This ratchet-gear may be provided upon one or upon both sides P is a rising table. It has lugs 19 at its ends, in which are screw-threads, and these engage with screws Q Q, having beveled pinions P at their upper ends. These pinions engage with other similar pinions P upon a horizontal shaft R, on which there is also a ratchet-wheel R and a lever R carrying a pawl 1', engaged with the teeth of the ratchet.

S is a connecting-rod passing from the outer end of the lever B to the lower end of the lever T, which has its fulcrum at T, and at T carries a small roller held in a ca1n-path formed upon the disk E. This ratchet-gear may be provided on both sides of the ma chine. By it, as will be seen, the ratchetwheels R are turned step by step as the cam wheel or disk E- revolves, and the table P is gradually raised step by step, each step corresponding to the thickness of a sheet of tessera.

U is a block formed of layers of tesserze arranged according to the pattern, and the layers are piled up one upon another.

V is a reciprocating blade, which at each forward motion pushes off the uppermost row of tesserie onto the surface of the receiving fabric as it passes over the roller K. The blade V receives motion by means of connecting-rods W W, passing to arms W W, which are fast with the levers M turning upon the shaft of the roller M. The shaft H is moved to and fro by means The action of the machine has been already explained. The arranged tesserze are pushed forward, layer by layer, onto the prepared fabric, which, moving forward, takes them beneath the segmental roller. This rolls over them, pressing them and the fabric between its face and the table A beneath. At the end of the rolling movement the surface of the segmental roller rises from the table, the fabric is drawn forward a step, and the rolling operation is repeated, by these means the tesserae becoming firmly united to the fabric or supporting-surface.

What we claim is- IIO 1. The process, substantially as described, I25

consisting in preparing a block of tesserae arranged 1n accordance with the pattern and laid one over the other, pushing forward such tesseraa layer by layer onto a receiving-surface, advancing the said surface, with the tes- 13o serae upon it, step by step through a press, and over the table and is lifted away from it at consolidating the Whole by an intermittent the end of each travel, as herein set forth. pressure, as herein set forth. HENRY WILLIAM GODFREY.

2. Theapparatus,substantiallyas described, CHARLES FREDERICK LEAKE. 5 consisting of a rising table on which the block CHARLES EDlVARD LUCAS. 0f arranged tesserae is placed, a reciprocating itnesses: blade bywhich the tesserae are pushed for- ALFRED C. ORANMER, ward layer by layer, rollers which carry for- Hatcham Road, Staines. Ward a receiving fabric step by step, a table, L. S. EDWARDS-THOMAS,

10 and a segmental roller which rolls to and fro H t the Road, Stcmws. 

